| All-purpose flour or bread flour | 3 cups (about 375g) | Builds structure through gluten development |
| Warm water (105-110°F) | 1 cup | Activates yeast, hydrates flour |
| Active dry yeast or instant yeast | 2 ¼ tsp (1 packet) | Leavens the dough, creates air bubbles |
| Granulated sugar | 1 tsp | Feeds the yeast for faster activation |
| Salt | 1 ½ tsp | Controls fermentation, adds flavor |
| Olive oil | 2 tbsp | Adds richness, keeps dough soft |